Male fertility evaluation is key for couples facing difficulties in conceiving. In this article, we talk to Dr Katharina Spies about male fertility tests that can help identify potential problems and guide appropriate treatment.
Which male fertility tests are performed?
When male infertility or semen pathology is suspected, it is important to perform a series of tests to assess sperm quality and quantity, as well as hormonal function and the overall health of the reproductive system.
At Vida Fertility we perform the following male tests:
Physical Examination
The first stage in the evaluation of male fertility is usually a physical examination by a specialist in urology or assisted reproduction. During this fertility consultation, the doctor will examine the genitalia and ask questions about medical history and lifestyle habits.
Seminogram or spermogram
The semen analysis is the most common test to evaluate male fertility. This test analyses a semen sample to evaluate several important parameters.
- Macroscopic study
- Volume: The amount of semen ejaculated.
- Viscosity: The consistency of the semen.
- pH: The level of acidity of the semen.
- Microscopic study
- Concentration: Number of spermatozoa per millilitre of semen.
- Motility: Spermatozoa’s ability to move.
- Morphology: shape and structure of the spermatozoa.
All about the semen analysis
Hormone testing
A blood test is performed to measure hormone levels, including testosterone, luteinising hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH).
These hormones play a crucial role in sperm production and reproductive function.
Other Male Fertility Tests
Sperm DNA Double Stranded Fragmentation Study
With sperm double-stranded DNA fragmentation we analyse the integrity of the sperm DNA, which refers to damage or breaks in the DNA strand within the spermatozoa.
This phenomenon can significantly affect male fertility, as damaged DNA in spermatozoa can prevent correct fertilisation of the egg or affect embryo development, leading to fertility treatment failures or repeated miscarriages.
Sperm or Semen Culture
Identifies infections or inflammation in the reproductive tract that may affect semen quality.
Karyotype study
Analyses the chromosomes of sperm cells to detect genetic abnormalities that may influence fertility.
Karyotyping is an essential diagnostic test and is routinely performed in cases of infertility in both men and women. If the parents have any genetic or chromosomal abnormalities, this is likely to be the reason for their difficulties in conceiving.
Karyotype refers to the set of chromosomes present in an individual's cells. In humans, there are 23 pairs of chromosomes, including one that determines sex (XX in females and XY in males). The karyotyping study consists of examining these chromosomes to detect any numerical or structural alterations that may be causing infertility. This analysis is performed through a blood test.
Hyposmotic Test
Evaluates the integrity of the sperm plasma membrane, an indicator of sperm viability.
Spermatozoa FISH
This study provides valuable information on sperm quality. Fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) is performed to detect aneuploidy in the spermatozoa, which can affect fertility and embryo development.
Testicular biopsy
In cases of azoospermia (absence of sperm in the semen), a testicular biopsy can be performed to look for sperm directly in the testicular tissue.
Semen pathologies and male infertility
Frequently asked questions about male fertility tests
Male fertility tests: What does male factor testing involve?
Dr. Katharina Spies answers:
The male factor study includes physical tests, semen analysis, hormonal and genetic tests to assess male fertility.
How to read seminogram results
Can I suffer from fertility problems because of my advanced age or does it only affect women?
Dr. Katharina Spies answers:
Although male fertility may decline with age, it is not as drastic as in women. However, semen quality and sperm function can be affected.
All about age and male fertility
Is it possible to have male fertility tests, even if you are not looking for a child at the moment?
Dr. Katharina Spies answers:
Yes, in fact it is advisable to have a fertility test if you want to become a father or mother. Knowing your reproductive health and making informed decisions in the future is essential.
Male fertility tests: How do I know if I am a fertile man?
Dr Katharina Spies answers:
Male fertility tests, such as a semen analysis, can provide you with detailed information about your fertility.
How much do male fertility tests cost?
Dr. Katharina Spies answers:
The cost of male fertility tests varies depending on the specific tests performed. Please consult Vida Fertility for a detailed quote.
Where are male fertility tests done?
Dr. Katharina Spies answers:
If you wish to carry out a male fertility test, it is necessary to go to a fertility clinic that has the resources and advanced technology to diagnose the cause of infertility.
At Vida Fertility we have two fully equipped centres in Madrid and Alicante.
For more information on male fertility tests or to request a consultation, contact Vida Fertility today. Our team of specialists are here to help you understand your reproductive health and guide you on your path to parenthood.
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